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Mortgage calculator

20% avoids PMI on conventional loans

Results update instantly as you type or drag the sliders.

Estimated monthly payment

Principal & interest
Property tax (monthly)
Home insurance (monthly)
Down payment
Loan amount
Total interest over the loan
Total cost (loan + down payment)

Estimates only. Excludes PMI, HOA fees and closing costs. Your lender's quote will vary. This is educational content, not financial advice.

How this mortgage calculator works

A mortgage payment is four bills disguised as one. Lenders call it PITI: principal, interest, taxes and insurance. The principal and interest come from the standard amortization formula — the same one every bank in the country uses — while taxes and insurance are usually collected monthly and held in an escrow account. This calculator combines all four so the number you see is close to the number that will actually leave your checking account.

Two inputs move the result far more than the others: the interest rate and the loan term. A single percentage point on a $280,000 loan changes the monthly payment by roughly $180 — and the lifetime interest by more than $60,000. That is why comparing at least three lender quotes is the highest-paid hour of the entire home-buying process.

On a 30-year mortgage at today's rates, you will pay nearly as much in interest as you borrowed in the first place.The Ledger — run the numbers above

15-year vs. 30-year: the trade-off in one table

Example: $280,000 loan (a $350,000 home with 20% down) at typical 2026 rates.

TermRateMonthly P&ITotal interest
30 years6.50%$1,770~$357,000
15 years5.90%$2,348~$143,000

The 15-year loan costs about $578 more per month but saves over $200,000 in interest. Neither answer is universally right: the 30-year term buys flexibility (you can always pay extra), the 15-year term buys discipline and a lower rate. Try both terms in the calculator with your own numbers.

The 28/36 rule of thumb

Most lenders — and most sensible budgets — follow the 28/36 rule: your housing payment should stay under 28% of gross monthly income, and all debt payments combined under 36%. If the calculator's result breaks either limit, the honest options are a bigger down payment, a cheaper house, or waiting while you improve your credit score to qualify for a better rate.

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Mortgage FAQ

How is a monthly mortgage payment calculated?

Lenders use the amortization formula: the loan amount, the monthly interest rate (annual rate ÷ 12) and the number of payments determine a fixed principal-and-interest amount. Early payments are mostly interest; the balance shifts toward principal over time. Taxes and insurance are added on top.

How much should I put down?

20% down avoids private mortgage insurance (PMI) on conventional loans and lowers both the payment and total interest. But FHA loans allow as little as 3.5% down, and many buyers choose a smaller down payment to keep cash for repairs and their emergency fund.

What credit score do I need for a mortgage?

Conventional loans typically require 620+, FHA loans 580+ (with 3.5% down). But the score does more than open the door — it sets your rate. Moving from "fair" to "very good" credit can cut your rate by half a point or more, worth tens of thousands over the loan.

Should I pay points to lower my rate?

One discount point costs 1% of the loan and typically lowers the rate by about 0.25%. Divide the point cost by the monthly savings to find the break-even month. If you'll keep the loan well past break-even, points can pay off; if you may move or refinance soon, skip them.

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